Location: | Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique |
| Geographic coordinates: | 6 00 S, 35 00 E |
| Map references: | Africa |
| Area: | total: 945,087 sq km
note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar
water: 59,050 sq km
land: 886,037 sq km |
| Area - comparative: | slightly larger than twice the size of California |
| Land boundaries: | total: 3,861 km
border countries: Burundi 451 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 459 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km |
| Coastline: | 1,424 km |
| Maritime claims: | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Climate: | varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands |
| Terrain: | plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south |
| Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m |
| Natural resources: | hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel |
| Land use: | arable land: 4.52%
permanent crops: 1.08%
other: 94.4% (2001) |
| Irrigated land: | 1,550 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Natural hazards: | flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought |
| Environment - current issues: | soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade, especially for ivory |
| Environment - international agreements: | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Geography - note: | Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa; bordered by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the world's second-largest freshwater lake) in the north, Lake Tanganyika (the world's second deepest) in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the southwest
Source: CIA World Factbook
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