Location: | Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean |
| Geographic coordinates: | 5 00 S, 120 00 E |
| Map references: | Southeast Asia |
| Area: | total: 1,919,440 sq km
water: 93,000 sq km
land: 1,826,440 sq km |
| Area - comparative: | slightly less than three times the size of Texas |
| Land boundaries: | total: 2,830 km
border countries: East Timor 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km |
| Coastline: | 54,716 km |
| Maritime claims: | measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Climate: | tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands |
| Terrain: | mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains |
| Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m |
| Natural resources: | petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver |
| Land use: | arable land: 11.32%
permanent crops: 7.23%
other: 81.45% (2001) |
| Irrigated land: | 48,150 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Natural hazards: | occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires |
| Environment - current issues: | deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires |
| Environment - international agreements: | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation |
| Geography - note: | archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean
Source: CIA World Factbook
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